Manning Struts Recipes

Struts Recipes George Franciscus and Danilo Gurovich 2004 \| 520 pages ISBN: 1932394249
	$44.95	Softbound print book

Index

Symbols\Numerics

< character 68
# character 67
{0} 63
{0}/{1}

default message for layout pager 239
401 unauthorized 320

A

Abstract Action 155–156
Abstract Base Action 154
Abstract Struts Action 154, 157
abstraction 405
acceptance 62
acquire resources 353
Action

guarding 319

protext 319
Action authorization

override 342
action mapping

input attribute 247

parameter attribute 270

protect 336

validate attribute 246
ActionErrors 45–46, 48, 51, 58, 63, 65, 245–246, 256, 261, 263, 273, 341, 387–388, 390, 430–431, 434

format 247
ActionErrors.GLOBAL_ERROR 45
ActionForm

responsibility 268

validate 244

validation 336
ActionForward

and jsessionid 18

default application 14

default application from URL 14

discussed 15

not used in web.xml 15

recipe explained 14

recipeActionForward 14

redirected 18

transfer from index.jsp 15

using constants 33

using DynaActionForms 40
ActionMapping

extend 306

type attribute 308
<action-mappings/> 249
ActionMessage 47–48, 51, 54, 60–61, 63–66, 68–69
actions

exposing to page 140

keep short – best practice 236
ActionServlet 22, 336, 339, 353–357, 384–385, 446, 465

responsibilities 339
adapter 364
Adobe 371

download 372
advisory title 303
aggregate, errors 44
AggregateException 266
AggregateExceptionHandler 267
airline reservation 62
Alert Window 322
alternate row colors 80
alternate text 303
altKey 303
analyze 345
anomalies 438
anonymous 318
Ant 3, 13, 250

acronym explained 7

best practice 13

build.log output 12

build.properties 11

substitution parameters 12

build.properties code listing 11

build.properties file 9

build.xml file 9

Cactus 439

command 9

compile-domain target 10

create build.xml 7

create script 7

defacto build tool 3

default project attribute 9

directory naming 28

DynaActionForm 40

embedding version numbers 12

explained 3

first steps 7

<javac> tag 10

jCoverage 463

JSP, declaring location 10

JUnit 427

mail tag 10

parameters 13

powerful tool 13

recipe 6

recipe description 6

reusable scripts

best practice 13

running 9

separate deployment and development 4

standard project properties 9

tag 10

testing 436

used daily 13

WAR file, declaring location and name 10
Apache Digester 423
Applets, option for Struts 2
application

intuitive 62

quality 50
application context 354
Application Server

JBoss 3

Weblogic 3

Websphere 3
application usability 53
application.proprties 268
architecture 318
args, with layout pager 239
arguments

for layout pagerStatus tag 240
array 63
ASCII 89
ASCII codes 89
ASP 158
associate 52
attributes

for layout tab tag 231

of skinResources 201

of tab and tabs tags 230
audience 62
audit 329
authenticate 327, 336, 347
authentication 318

base64 320

basic 320

container-based 319

domain-level 320

HTTP digest 321

HTTP form 321

HTTPS Client 321

mechanisms 320

realm 324

SSL 330

strategy 319
authorization 318, 320
automated 436, 438, 468

Ant best practice 13

ant build 6

build process 13

functional testing 13

testing 444
automated build 462
autonomous teams 449

B

B2C 351
back button 417

and crumbs 223
backwards compatibility 364
backwards navigation 218
batch program 391
<batchtest> 443
Bayern, Shawn 140
BEA WebLogic 438
<bean:message> 46, 299

format 65
bean:write 114
<bean:write> 47
beginXXX() 439
BodyTagSupport 82
bookmark 406
Boolean, logic present tag 128
browser support 371
buffer 73, 94

flush 369
build.properties 7
build.xml

adding resource bundles 28
bundle, attribute and tabbed panes 226
Burst Test 456
business errors 256
business exceptions 398
business façade 367, 373, 394
business layer 70, 73, 79, 256, 306, 329, 372, 393, 396

responsibilities 393
business logic 58, 377

and tag libraries 100

sensitive 320
Business Objects

and Action class 97

deciding how MVC works with, 103
business rules 58
BusinessException 258
Business-to-Consumer 349
byte code injection 466
ByteArrayOutputStream 369
bytecode 378

C

cache 72, 78–79, 423

Struts 79
caching 273, 352–353, 357, 400, 417–418, 461

strategy 400
cactify 443
Cactus 426, 428, 437–440, 442–444

Ant tasks 442

build.properties 444

connect to Tomcat 443

lifecycle 439

mergewebxml attribute 443

port attribute 443

proxy redirector 438

report format 443

report location 443

report.xsl 442

servlet example 443

StrutsTestCase 444

Tomcat 443

Tomcat shutdown 443

Tomcat startup 443

war file 443

web.xml 443
Cactus lifecycle 439
<cactus> 443
CactusStrutsTestCase 428, 433, 437, 439
cactus-web.xml 441
Castor 368
certificate keystore, create 331
CGI vs. tag libraries 100
challenge 336
change, constant 417
changeRowColor, JavaScript and selected row 205
Choice format 67
cipher 329, 335
circumvent navigation 406
class loader 72, 369, 385, 415
ClassCastException 404

problem with integers 119
classpath 299, 383, 418
clean up session objects 153
client side tabs recipe 232
coarse-grain 338
Cocoon, option for Struts 2
code branches 462
code changes, not required 72
coffee 318
cognitive 50
collate 57
collection 81

errors 50

messages 47
collections and bean define tag 121
color code 80
colors, sets 80
colspan, attribute used in tabbed panes 228
column sort with Struts-Layout tags 173
comma delimited 336
Comparable 448
comparator 448
complex applications

and logic present tag 137

in team environments 148
complex conditional logic 306
complex views with logic present tag 128
complexity 395–396, 455
ComponentContext 360
composition 378
confidentiality 329
configuration parameters

runtime 70
configure, tasks for Struts-Layout use 175
confirmation 62
<constant> 278
<constant-name> 278
<constant-value> 278
Constants

java code 32

java file 32

recipe 32
constructor 45
container managed security 327
<containerset> 443
Content-Disposition 90
ContentLength 369
ContentType 369
Continuous Performance Testing 455
contracts 450
control

and actions 98

message queue 55
controller 339
controller tag 95, 296, 340
Controller, action class, keep short 236
<controller/> 249
<controller> 94, 408
controllerClass 359, 362
ControllerSupport 360
controllerUrl 362
controls, types 328
cookie 321, 416
country code 300
coupling 376, 393

Struts 402
coverage testing. See testing
coverage testing tool 462
createResources 419
critical decisions and tag library use 99
critical success factor 455
CRUD 270, 378, 391
crumbs

browser view 221

controlling boundaries 223

customizing 223

listing for dynamic 221

method to limit crumb size 223

navigation best practices 224

separator attribute 223

setting 223

tag listing 221
crumb-trails, dynamic and static 218
cryptographic algorithm 329
CSS 321

and accessing bean resource 145

and logic present tag 130

and MVC 99

contextual elements with layout panel 190

default directory with Struts-Layout tags 194

extra CSS files with Struts-Layout tags 201

image references with Struts-Layout tags 194

in JSPs 38

interation with layout panel tag 190

linking stylesheets recipe 37

listing for layout panel tag 188

listing with layout panel 191

location of 176

placement 37

relative paths 37

skins with Struts-Layout tags 193

solid references 6

Struts-Layout simple table 180

style block for complex table 186

style blocks and Struts-Layout tags 193

styleClass attribute

layout panel tag 190

with custom skin 195

with layout panel tag 188

with selectable rows 202

with Struts-Layout tags 174, 177, 180, 186–187, 189, 191, 193–194, 196, 199–200, 205, 214, 216, 219, 223, 228–229, 232, 238

"onglet" prefix 230

attributes for tab(s) tags listed 231

attributes in tab(s) tags 230

browser view 230

custom skins 196

details for tabs 226

French namespaces 229

layout pager tag listing 237

listing for tree navigation 214

listing for use with tabbed panes 229

pager tag 233

special tabbed pane classes 228

styleClass declaration with layout pager tag 238

tab(s) attributes listed 231

tabbed panes 226

classes explained 230

table listing for tabs classes 232

tree navigation 208, 214, 216

eccentricities 216

tree navigation debugging with 216

wire diagram reference 229

with layout pager tag 237

with layout pagerStatus tag 240
CSS Style Sheets linked with html rewrite tag 150
cultural differences 309
culturally friendly 309
custom JSP tag 80
custom message queue 53
custom queue 55
custom skins

and layout skin tag 195

creating 201
custom validator 312

D

DAO 392

create dynamically 402

declarative 402

factory 402, 404
Data Access Object Pattern 392
data input 75
Data Mapper pattern 378
data source layer, persistence layer 393
data store 398
data transfer object 256, 268
data validation 268
data, insert 62
database 73, 256, 321, 329, 378, 406, 417

access 418

dialect 383

driver 383

minimize access 418

type 378
database connections 357, 364, 461
database server, start 379
DB2 379
debugging 379
declarative exception handling 243, 256, 342, 390–391, 396

employ 342

exceptions aggregate 261

how works 256

use case 257
declaratively 316, 330
decorates 460
decouple 417
decrypt 329, 335
dedicated environment 455
default Action classes

for Struts-Layout 177
default.css and layout skin tag 194
defensive copy 357
define contracts 450
definitions and Tile mappings 162
delegate 339, 367
delineate 90
denial-of-service attack 94
deployable artifacts 443

build process 6
deployment 417
design by contract 450
design patterns 55

vs. reality 171
design practice, contracts 450
design refactoring 462
destroy() 353–355, 357, 385
dialog box 320
Digester 415, 423

rules 415

stack 415
directory for layout tags 199
disaster recovery 352
DispatchAction 268

reflection 270

use 270
doAfterBody 84
document management

and logic equal tag 135
doGet 353
domain authentication 319
domain layer, business layer 393
domain model 378
doPost 353
doStart 84
doStartTag 84
drawbacks 44
DTO 256, 268
DynaActionForms 41, 444–445

and logic equal tag 135

getting variables from form bean 40

pitfalls 41

recipe 38

recipe description 6

recipe explained 38

StrutsTestCase 444

testing. See testing

useful 444
DynaBean interface 445
DynaBean property values 445
DynaClass 445, 447
DynaForm testing

assertions 445
dynamic 62
dynamic content 125
dynamic messages 44
dynamic tables with paging 233
DynaProperties 445
DynaPropertiesHelper 447
DynaPropertyComparator 448

E

easy to use 62, 71
Einstein 369
EJB 357, 405–406, 423, 461
elements

hiding with logic present tags 127
email 249
encapsulate 45
encapsulate business logic 367
encapsulation 392
encode 89

automatic 89

scheme 89
encrypt 329–330, 335
encryption 321
endXXX() 439
<engine> 324
Enumerate contracts 450
environment 444
ergonomic 79
error handling mechanisms 256
error messages

list 57

placement 50

purpose 44
error page 322
error queue 50
error scenarios 256
errors

and logic present tag 127

categorize 57

generalized 49

list 62
errors.footer 46, 246
errors.header 46, 246
exception handler 341–342

default 261, 266
exception strategy benefits 261
ExceptionHandler 256, 261, 263

extend 267
exceptions 41, 65, 258, 262, 264, 267–268, 390, 398

aggregate 243

bulking 262

business layer 267

class hierarchy 257

classification 257

collection 262

global 257, 260

handle 260

local 257, 260

local vs. global 257

logging 260

runtime with layout skin tag 195

strategy 257

swallow 273
expensive 455
expose 73
externalize SQL 405

F

Façade Pattern 392
factory

DAO 402

Hibernate 384

JDBC 418

<message-resource> 419

resource bundle 418

static 402

XSLT transformer 369
Factory Pattern 392
<field> 283
file

transfer 89

upload 90
File Upload 89

limiting file sizes 95

tag attributes 94
FileInputStream 72
filter

and bean write tag 114–115

bean write tag – false 115

bean write tag – HTML/XML 115

bean write tag – true 114

best practices 115
finally 400
findForward 306
fine-grained 364, 378
fine-grained protection 346
flat-file authentication 323
flexibility 394
form beans

exposed with bean resource tag 146

exposing to page 140
format

custom 63

dates 63

numbers 63

time 63
formatter tag 443
FormFile 91
formset inheritance 315
<formset> 313
forward

attribute in layout tab tag 232

locale 305
frames and MVC 98
frameworks

hallmark 339

persistence 391
FrontBase 379
functionality

and logic present tag 127

G

garbage collection 456
garbage collector 357
generic error page 258
getContextPath and html rewrite tag 148
getDynaClass 445
getResource 71
getVariableInfo 85
global 328
global exception 268
global forwards

and html rewrite tag 151

exposed by bean resource tag 146

exposing to page 140
global queue 45
globalize 298
Globals.ERROR 62
Globals.ERROR_KEY 45, 47, 62
Globals.LOCALE_KEY 296–297, 303, 305, 311, 315
Globals.MESSAGE_KEY 62
good practice 52
gotcha 56, 69, 79, 94, 301,316, 342, 345, 353, 357, 417, 460

JavaScript and selected row 205
Graphic User Interfaces

no equivalent Struts tags and HTML 151
GRASP principles 276
green screen 455
group security 343
guaranteed navigation 406
GUI

altering look with logic present tag 127

and logic equal tag 136

and panels 187

and Struts-Layout tags 175

crumbs, best practices 224

debugging with logic present tag 130

exposing WEB-INF elemnts in 147

finding variables in development 130

migrating to tiles 163

simple table with Struts-Layout 178

tools for Struts-Layout 182

using logic equal tag 136

using logic present tag 133
guideline 49

message tags 49

H

hard-coding 303
hardwired 47
harvest 79
HashMap, used to pass parameters 151
hbg.xml file 382
header 47, 57
heavy load 459
hexadecimal 89
Hibernate 378

alias 389

artifacts 379

close session 384

commit 391

definition 378

environmental information 383

example 379

exceptions 390

factory 379, 385, 400

factory cache 384

factory close 385

features 391

<generator> 382

hidden 394

<id> 382

implementation specific features 383

job 382

key generation 382

map columns 382

performance 384

primary key 389

replacement parameter 389

search 389

selecting objects 389

Struts Action 387

transform 391

update 391

ways to search 389
Hibernate Query Language 378
Hibernate SQL 389
hibernate.cfg.xml

classpath 383
hidden field 416
high cohesion 276
high-traffic sites and images 112
high-volume sites 243
hijack, Action 342
hot spots 341–342

controller 339

definition 339
HQL 389
href, attribute in layout tab tag 232
HSQL 405
HTML 46

and layout panel tag 191

and skins 194

and tabbed panes 229

filtering in bean write tag 114

functionality with logic present tag 128

in beans 115

limitations 371

listing of rendered tabbed panes 227

validating complicated strings 115

view of complex table 186

with Struts tags instead of Struts-Layout 182
HTML table 80

alternate row colors 80
<html:errors/> 247, 261, 342
<html:errors> 44, 269
<html:image> 302
<html:img> 302
<html:javascript> 255
<html:messages> 44
HTTP

challenges 406

mechanism 16

stateless 406

unsecured protocol 330
HTTP 1.0 320
HTTP protocol 406
Http Request

get handle to session 154
HTTP session 378

volume 378
HTTP Status 400 337
HTTPS 321
https 334
HttpServletRequestSimulator 433
HttpSession 136, 153–154, 156

scope with bean define tag 119

serialized in appservers 153
HttpSessionSimulator 428
httpsPort property 332
Hypersonic 379

command 379

dialect 383
HypersonicSQL 379

I

IDE 379, 427
images 302, 417

and directory structure 111

limitations with Struts tags 112

size attributes and 113
IMAP 329
immutable 297, 356–357
include directive 123–125

compared with action 123
includes, different types discussed 125
in-container testing 428, 437–438, 444

popularity 438
increase 354, 373, 460, 468
increase load 460
increase performance 354
increased flexibility 54
incremental compile 379
information management 243
Informix 379
Ingres 379
inheritance 378
in-memory cache 398
input, clear 75
instrumenting 467

definition 462
integration 69
Interbase 379
interface, user 50
internationalization 44, 67

bulit-in support 301

maintenance 301
internationalize

steps 298

text 47

tiles 309
Internet Explorer 321
Internet Media Type 89
IOException, swallow 413
isRoles() 337
isUserInRole 341
iterate 46, 55
iterate tag, extend 80
IterateRowTei 85
iteration index number 84
iText 372, 376

download 372

J

Jakarta Project, an open source movement 2
JAR files for Struts-Layout tags 175
Java IO package 94
Java programmers

experienced 62
Java Server Pages, Cactus 438
Java Swing

compared with layout panel tag 188

similarities to tree in Struts-Layout 209
JavaBeans 64, 68, 368, 428
javadoc 69
java.lang.Exception 261
JavaScript 100, 105, 108, 122, 149–150, 177, 187, 193–195, 198–200,202, 204, 206–207, 210, 216, 252

alert 253

and html rewrite tag 149–150

and tabbed panes 229

and tree navigation 207

attributes in tree action 212

attributes used with tree navigation 215

in tree action 211

locating files with skins

problems 199

required files for Struts-Layout 177

selectable rows 202

tabbed pane reference 227

tabbed panes 225

validation, reuse 255
java.text.ChoiceFormat 67
java.text.MessageFormat 63
java.util.ArrayList and Struts-Layout 178
java.util.Collection

and dynamic crumbs 221

and Struts-Layout tags. See Struts-Layout tags

with layout pager tag 236

with Struts-Layout tags 173
java.util.Collections 120

and bean define tag 120
java.util.HashMap

with Struts Layout 183
JAXB 368, 371
jCoverage

common mistake 467

download 463

graphical representations 467

reports 466

stage-1 467

stage-2 467

statistical information 467
jcoverage.ser 467
JDBC 394, 396

properties 418
JDBCMessageResourcesFactory 418
JDK v 1.4 330
JMS 70, 72, 357

queue 70
JNDI 461
jsessionid 5, 16

and bookmarking 18

background 17

recipeJSESSIONID 16
JSP 32, 46–48, 52, 55, 59–61, 65, 68, 80, 88, 90, 98, 185, 188, 221, 239, 245–246, 299, 301, 304, 325, 334, 356, 361, 363, 366, 371–372, 375–376, 389, 394, 468

???error??? – message-resources 29

accessing message-resources 31

ActionForward 14

adding a skin tag 198

as framework 2

base tag placement 36

bean define code listing 120

bean define tag 116

bean resource tag 139

bean write tag nested in logic present tag 129

before tags 99

bundle attribute in tags 30–31

client-side validation 252

code using bean resource 145

constant variable on page 34

constants and MVC boundaries 34

CSS 38

different directories from CSS 37

DynaActionForms 41

dynamic tabs 232

errors with Struts-Layout tags 201

exposing struts-config to View 140

images 111

in team environments 148

include action 124

include compile time issues 123

include, difference between 123

includes compared 123

JavaScript and selected row 205

layout collectionItem tag 180

layout panel tag 188–189

linking stylesheets 37

linking stylesheets recipe explained 37

listing with layout panel tag 189

listing with tabbed panes 227

logic present tag 127

logic present tag listing 130

migrating to XML definitions 167

MVC1 97

page portability and tiles 162

pager tag implemented 236

parameters as constants 33

precompiled with Ant 7

public static final Strings

tree navigation 213

session attributes 154

skinned 174

static tree methods 208

Struts 2

tabbed panes 225

tag libraries 99

the View layer 97

Tiles 164

tiles definitions 164

tiles definitions, differences with XML 167

tree navigation 213

tree navigation listing 214

tricks using html rewrite tag 149

URL rewriting 18

usage of different 125

use in 15

using base tag 36

using constants in 35

using message tag 27–28

violating MVC in 103

without includes, simple 122

without Struts 2

xtags 140
JSP tag libraries

and business logic 100

by shawn bayern 101
JSP tags

server-side 100

works well with Struts 101
<jsp:useBean/>

and Struts-Layout tags 179

with Struts-Layout 185
JSSE download, install 330
JSTL 87, 115, 139–140, 296

and tag attributes 104

future vs Struts tags 104

in Struts-EL 104

option for Struts 2

overlap with Struts' tag library 104

Shawn Bayern 103
JTree, similarities with Struts Layout tree 215
judgment 405
JUnit

Ant 427

assertions 427

automated build 427

automatically run 427

build tests 427

description 427

execute 427

fail 427

install 436

reports 436

runners 427
JUnitPerf 461

definition 456

K

key

attribute and tabbed panes 226

attribute for layout pagerStatus tag 240
knowledge 65
known key 406

L

language code 300
language variances 301
lastSelRow, JavaScript attribute and selected row 205
layered application 391
layers 393

benefits 393, 404

exceptions 398

golden rule 397

Hibernate 393

illustrate 393

Struts 393

use 404
Layers pattern 392
layout.pager.next.img

skin with pager 233
layout.pager.next.label

skin with pager 233
layout.pager.previous.img

skin with pager 233
layout.pager.previous.label

skin with pager 233
lazy load 423

hybrid 423
LDAP 321, 329
Lego 394
LGPL 372
licenses 455
lightweight 319
limit 67
limitation 345, 347
line of defense 243
links 106, 110, 112, 124, 130, 148, 151–152

and migration to Struts 152

for js and CSS 149
Load Test 456
locale

forward 305

set 298
locale sensitive 67, 72
localize

country code 305

forward alternatives 309

images 302
locate information 80
lock 329
log out 326
<logger> 324
<logic:messagesPresent> 47, 55
look and feel tabbed panes 229
low coupling 271

M

maintainability 49, 392

vs development 171
maintainable 276, 305, 345, 405
maintenance 53, 275, 286, 330, 335, 343, 417, 449

and weak design 99
maintenance cycle 462
maintenance nightmare 462
malicious 320
manage complexity 455
manage content, business users 418
mask 73
maxPageItems, attribute for layout pager tag 236
Mckoi SQL 379
memory 301
MenuComponent and visitor pattern 216
MenuComponent.addComponent method in creating trees 213
menu.jar 175, 208

and tree navigation 208
MenuRepository and tree navigation 213
mergewebxml 441, 443
message queue 51, 53, 55–56, 70

global 65
MessageFormat 376
message-formatting 62
MessageResource 72, 93
MessageResourceFactory 419
message-resources 26–28, 30, 70, 72, 74

alternate 301

changes in Struts 1.1 25

default code listing 25

in struts-config file 26

listing in struts-config file 31

location in struts-config 27

modify for multiple resources 27

placement in struts-config file 28
<message-resources/> 249, 417
<message-resources> 299
messages

classification 62

formatting 63

groups 57

organize 62

property 53

render 48
method, HTTP request parameter 270
metrics 462
Microsoft SQL Server 379
migration 252
mismatch paradigm 378
mission statement 302
mock

HTTP request 428

HTTP response 428

HTTP session 428
Mock Object

useful 444
Mock Objects 426, 428, 433, 438

useful 428
MockStrutsTestCase 428, 432–434, 437, 439, 446
Model-View-Controller 393

with JSP 97, 102
modify output 67
modularity 345
module testing 454
ModuleConfig 355, 384–385
modules 355, 426, 449–451, 454

available documentation 24

caveats 26

changing names 23

creating 21

creating separate 20–21

deciding to merge 20

default application 452

interconnectivity 450

invoking actions in other modules 23

messages and struts-config 31

multiple resource bundles 21

number of resources allowed 26

principal objective 450

problems connecting resource bundles 28

recipe explained 19

reference 28, 31

referring outside of context 23

resource bundles 25

separate directories 21

sharing resources 21

testing. See testing

various Jakarta modules 2

with multiple resources 27
monolithic 417
MPL 372
multi-language 298
multipart/form-data 89
multiple facades 394
MVC 46, 49, 171, 393

ActionForward with 14

and Smalltalk-80 97

and Struts 97

and Struts logic tags 99

in Struts context 2

loose definitions 99

Struts separation 3

violations 98
MySQL 379

N

name, attribute in layout collection tag 185
namespace 80
navigation 406

and 218

strategies, best practices 207

tabbed panes 225

trees 206

using tabs, best practices 225

when to use trees 206
NavigationTokenUtils 413
navigation.xml 408
nocache attribute 409
noncache attribute 417
non-scalable 460
non-SSL links 330
null values

best practice 138

empty tag 128

present tag 128
number of last displayed item

arg for layout pager 239
NumberUtils 286

O

Object

in session or parameter 132

typing with bean define tag 119
object model 378
Object-Oriented Design 392
Object-Relational Mappers 378, 391
Objects, relationships in tree navigation 213
onclick, JavaScript attribute in tree navigation 215
onglet, prefix and tabbed panes 230
ongletMiddle, attribute and tabbed panes 229
ongletSpace, attribute and tabbed panes 228
ongletTextDis, attribute and tabbed panes 228
ongletTextEna, attribute and tabbed panes 228
onRowClick

and Struts-Layout 187

JavaScript and selected row 206
onRowDoubleClick, and Struts-Layout 187
onRowSelect, JavaScript and selected row 206
onSubmit 253
OOD 392
OptimizeIt 461
Oracle 379
ordinality 63
organize 80
Orion 438, 443
outside-the-container testing 438
over design 405
override, locale 305

P

page, attribute in layout tab tag 232
pageContext 107–108, 117, 124, 130, 149
pageKey 303

attribute 111
pager

tag implemented inside JSP 233

tag. See Struts-Layout tags
pageScheme 335
panels and tabbed panes 226
parameter attribute

and logic present tag 131
parameter markers, ways to replace 63
parameter replacement 63
parent-child relationships

in tree navigation 215
password 320
pattern

Data Access Object 392

Façade 392

Factory 392

Layers 392

Separation of Concerns 393
pattern-mappings 326
PDF 371

attachment 376

browser 372

ContentLength 376

ContentType 376

create 372

flush 376

Headers 376

pops up 376

programmatic functionality 377
PdfWriter 375
performance 72, 335, 352, 378

fixing problems 455

Hibernate 384

objectives 418

reflection 273

testing. See testing

Tiles controller 364

vs MVC 171
performance development practices 460
performance expectations 460
performance experience 461
performance plan 461

scope 455
performance problem detection 461
performance requirements 455
performance test plan 460

benefits 455

definition 455
performance testing

build process 460

define 460

delay 455

effective approach 455

goals 460

popular 460

types 455
performance testing.

See also testing
performance tuning 405
PerformaSure 461
persist 73

file 91
persistence

time 378
persistence exceptions

generic 400
persistence layer 393

change 398

responsibilities 393, 397
persistence services 378
PHP 158
physical space 455
picture 302
planning 62
plug-in 30, 195–196, 281, 332, 352, 356–357, 386, 389, 426

cache Hibernate resoruces 400

clobbering 357

configuration 243

create Hibernate 385

custom skin 196

example 354

Hibernate 378–379, 384

implementation steps 354

implementing 353

in Struts modules 24

interface 353

life-cycle 353

message-resources placed after 27

message-resources plug-in 25

SSL 332

validator 312
<plug-in> 385
plurals 69

gender specific 69
Pointbase 379
POJO 405
policy 319
polymorphism 378
pool 357
port 331
portability 377
Portable Document Format.

See PDF
portals and panels 187
postal codes 313
post-conditions 450
Postgre 418
PostgreSQL 379
Pot-au-feu, recipe 171
pragmatism 405
pre-conditions 450
prefix 272
presentation

reason for using Struts-Layout 173

with logic equal tag 135
presentation layer 393

coupling 391

responsibilities 393
preserve resources 400
private fields 346
problems with crumbs 223
processActionForward 341
processException 340–341
processing events 82
processorClass 342, 409

placed before message-resources 27
processRoles 339, 341
production scenario 444
productivity 275–276

user 62
productivity tool 256
progress 379
project lifecycle 455
project plan 426
proof of concept 49
Property Files

See also Resource Bundles
property files 299

and tabbed panes 226

attribute in layout collectionItem tag 186

internationalization 300

of layout skins 200

tree navigation settings 215
property files. See Resource Bundles
protect 95, 357, 393, 398

areas 343

fields 346
protect fields

techniques 347
protocol 334
prototypes 391
proxy redirector, cactus 438
purge 73

Q

quality 49
queue name

choose 56

prefix 56
queue, delete 55

R

random number 90
read-only objects 357
realm 324
reduce complexity 395
reduce effort 426
refactor 280, 377, 429, 462
Refactoring

and migrating to Struts 148
reflection 273, 356, 378, 404

DispatchAction 270

JUnit 427
regression tests 462
regular expressions 247, 252, 312
relational paradigm 378
relationship, queue name and field 52
release resources 353
rench 69
repetitive 44
replacement marker 63
repopulate the cache 357
request parameter and tree navigation 209
RequestProcessor 246, 336–339, 342, 408–410, 412, 416

create 341

default 336

extend 339

locale 296

processActionPerform 412

processForward 412

processInclude 413

processPath 412

processPreprocess 412
reset 75
reset method 298
Resin 438, 443
resource bundles 44, 46, 51

and tabbed panes 226

declare 418

internationalize 298
resources

cache 353

load 353–354
response.EncodeURL

and html rewrite tag 148
Response-Time-Under-Load 456
responsiveness 455
reuse 345, 367

deny 391
risk 56
road signs 302
roadmap 75
robust 323, 327, 345, 405
roles 325–326, 328, 337

add 342–343, 346

list 336

omission 336

validate 337
runtime 69

S

sanity checks 269
SAP DB 379
saveErrors 47, 51
saveMessages 48, 54
scalable 460
scale 343

scope request 47
scope attribute, best practices in tags 119
scripting variable 55, 59, 81

from context attribute 118

using bean define (simple) 118
scriptlets 44
search

automatic 46

terminates 302
search sequence 301–302
secure 349
Secure Socket Layer 321, 329
security 319

browser 320

business logic 320

databases 320

enterprise 320

flat file 320

group 343

hole 326

limitations 337

policy 319

role 320

Struts limitations 338

toolbox 347
security access, fine-grained 347
security mechanism 336–338, 347

proprietary 342
security model 319

custom 328
security risk 286
security role 343
security strategies 319
security violations 337

detection 338, 342
SecurityRequestProcessor

register 340
SecurityViolationException 339–341
selectedTabKeyName attribute in layout tabs tag 232
separate directories, tiles and definitions 162
Separation of Concerns 393
serializable 292
Server Error 500 261
servlet 353

destroy state 353

initialization state 353

remove 353

service state 353

specification 353
Servlet Container 296, 321

and tiles 168

loading skin resources 196

Orion 3

Resin 3

Tomcat 3
servlet context 402
Servlet Filters 438
Servlet Lifecycle 353
Servlet specification 320
Servlet specification 2.3 338
session and crumbs 221
session attributes

method to remove all 155

remove attributes 154
session object 406
setAltImage, tree navigation attribute 216
setImage, tree navigation attribute 216
setLocation, tree navigation attribute 216
setOnClick, tree navigation attribute 216
setTitle, tree navigation attribute 216
setup() 433, 439, 460
shopping basket 406
shopping carts 349, 406

and logic equal tag 135
simple 44
single point of entry

and MVC 99
size 93
skinResources

attributes 200

property in plug-in 196
skins

and crumbs 223

and tree navigation 209

applications with Struts-Layout 194

browser view of skin in tree 215

introduced as concept 174
socket 423
solve performance problems 460
sort 57
/sort.do

action with layout pager tag 238

default mapping needed for layout pager 238

invoked with pager tag 239
sort.token.required and sorting 201
spoof 336–337, 406
SQL 419

client 419
srcKey 303, 417
SSL 321, 329, 335

Action 329, 333

basics 329

convert 329

definition 329

enable 330

secure page 332

submit 334

Tomcat 330
SSL HTTP request 330
SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector 331
SSL links 330

format 330

switch 330
ssl-ext 329

install 331
sslext

namespace 335

taglib 334
sslext.jar 332
stack trace, eliminating with tags 130
startup 44, 64
stateful session bean 406
static crumbs, limited appeal 218
static factory 402
storage medium 378
strategies 336

navigation best practices 207
strength 63
StringTokenizer 84, 415
Struts

associating CSS to JSPs Associate Style Sheets 37

directory structure 165

DynaActionForms 38

managing constants 32

migrating from legacy JSP 148

multiple message-resources 27

multiple modules 19

safe integration 3

specify a resource file 25

tags using "title" element 29

what it doesn't do 3
Struts 1.1 49, 51, 248, 256, 261, 339
Struts Action and HttpServletRequest 153
Struts Forms

associate errors to fields 50

display errors, messages 44

message groups, creating 57

message queues, custom 53

message replacement parameters 62

message resources from action 69

wizard, create 73
Struts HTML tag library

ability to resolve and encode paths 109
Struts in Action 2
Struts messaging, ways to use 44
Struts tag library

and rtexprvalue 104

bean, define 113, 116

best practices 121

coding practices 121

from field 118

java.util.Collection 120

name attribute 117

setting type and scope attributes 119

usage 116

value attribute 117

with pager tag 236

bean, include 102

different from action or directive 122

setting forward attribute 124

bean, message 4, 26

bean, resource 102

attributes 138

code listing 145

usefulness of 146

bean, write 114

filter false 115

bundle attribute, using 28

define, attributes 116

html

base 36

baseStrutsHtmlRewrite 35

define 102

img 102

img limitations 112

img, example 111

link 102, 106

link, Related tags 108

link, URL string without 106

rewrite 102, 108, 148–149, 152

rewrite, first tag to use 148

rewrite, use when migrating 151

rewrite, uses 149

rewrite, various ways of using 151

write 102

logic

empty with logic present tag 133

equal 102

equal settings 137

iterate 120

iterate, substitution for Struts layout 182

notEqual 135

notEqual settings 137

notPresent 132

notPresent, code listing 131

present 102

present functionality explained 128

present uses 127

present, code listing 131

present, developing with, 133

present, test for null 138

redirect 18

logic, iterate similarities to layout pager tag 233

MVC Separation 97

not try/catch/finally best practice 129

peudo try/catch block in JSP 134
Struts with AntStrutsAndAnt 6
struts-bean tags and tabbed panes 225
<struts-config> 299
struts-config.xml 25, 27, 29, 70, 73–74, 94–95

and Struts-Layout default actions 177

and tile mappings 159

application.properties file 25

breaking into modules 20

calling an XML tile definition from Action 167

configure for tree navigation 208

DynaActionForms 39

linking CSS 37

locating message-resources 27

maintenance with ActionForward 16

master vs module files 21

message-resources mapping 25

modify for multiple resources 27

module restrictions 24

multiple configurations 5

multiple message-resources 29

param value 22

placement of message-resources node 28

simple XML Form Beans 38

synchronicity 19

tiles plug-in 159, 165

unlimited resource files 26

using ActionForward 14

welcome page and jsessionid 17

with bean resource tags 138

with simple includes 126

without modules 19
Struts-EL 103–104

and scripting variables 104

explained 104
Struts-Layout tag library 170
Struts-Layout tags

completing installation 177

create a dynamic table (complex table) with selectable rows 202

create a dynamic table (complex table), pager reference 236

Creating a navigation tree 206

Creating bread crumb trails 217

Creating tabbed panes 224

extendable 187

layout

collection 173, 179, 181, 203–204, 237

attributes populated 185

JavaScript and selected row 206

selectable rows 202

with paging 233

collectionItem 173, 179, 181, 185, 203–204, 237

selectable rows 202

with paging 233

crumbs 218, 220

html 195, 226

drawbacks 195

pager 173, 237

position with layout pagerStatus tag 240

pagerStatus 239

where to position 240

panel 189, 226

and tiles 192

listing 188

title 190

skin 194, 214

and layout html tag 195

tree navigation 213

tabs 225–226, 230

attributes 230–231

listing 226

treeview 198, 208

Pager tag use 233

project explained 175

running 199

Selectable Rows in table 201

tree navigation 213

under continuous development 173

with 203
struts-logic tags

and tabbed panes 225

relativity to tabs 232
StrutsTestCase 426–428, 436–440, 443–445, 449–450, 454, 456–461, 463, 465–468

ActionErrors 437

ActionMessages 437

actionPerform 428

ActionServlet 428, 437

automation 428

classpath 443

definition 427

how to use 428

JUnit 428

migration 439

outside the container 426

simulators 428

struts-config.xml

inside classpath 433

outside classpath 433
style sheet 193–194, 227, 365, 370

and layout panel tag 190

linked with 38

using tabbed panes with 226
styleClass

attribute for layout pager tag 236

attribute for layout panel tag 190

attribute in layout collection tag 185

attribute with skins 199

JavaScript and selected row 205
stylesheet 193–194, 370
successful 80
SwitchAction 23

code 23

listing 23
Sybase 379
synchronize 357
synchronized collection 357
system errors 256
SystemException 257

T

tabbed panes

and Struts-Layout 225

creating 225

simple implementation of 226

source from browser 228
<table/>

and layout panel tag 191
tabs

browser view 230

creating 225

listing in Struts-Layout 226

navigation, best parctices 225

rendered source listing 227

wire diagram showing relationships 229
tabular data 80
tag 302
Tag Libraries

as 100

life cycle of 100
TagExtraInfo 82
taglib 81, 332
taglib uri, sample for layout tags 176
tamper 329
TCP/IP 329
<td/> and layout panel tag 191
teardown() 433, 439, 460
test bed 462
test strategy 450
testing 352

acceptance 427

ActionServlet simulation 433

challenge 455

coverage 426

determine cases 431

DynaActionForms 426

gray area conditions 432

importance 437

in-container vs outside-the-container 438

integration 427, 450

interfaces 454

modules 426, 449

guidelines 450

interfaces 454

negative 428

performance 426–427

positive 428

regression 427

test performance 438

unit 427

unit test scope 431

unsuccessful 434

view 450
TestMethodFactory 457
testXXX() 439
text messages, informational 44
text rearrange 63
text/html 368–369
text-less images 302
<th/> and layout panel tag 191
third-party JAR 87
throughput test 456
tiles 297, 309–312, 328, 343–345, 358–360, 362–364

and directory structure 162

and encapsulation 161

and MVC 99

and Struts actions 166

and tabbed panes 225

battle with logic tags 103

best practices 163

definition 310

extending 312

feature 311

internationalize 309

JSP to XML definitions 164

more uses 164

snippets of code 161

template 159

when to use 163

XML vs. JSP definitions 167
Tiles controller

Action 362

best use 364

Class 359

create 358

declare 362

performance 364

pros and cons 358

rule of thumb 364

type decision 364

types 358

types contrast 363
Tiles XML definitions

capabilites 168
tiles-defs.xml 164, 167, 358

plug-in to struts-config.xml 142
Timed Test 456
title

attribute and layout panel tag 188

attribute in layout collectionItem tag 203
titleKey 303
TLD 86

Struts-Layout tags 176
to 417
token, store 416
Tomcat 322, 324, 329, 335–336, 338, 342–343, 345, 347, 365, 438–440

authentication 320

in-container testing 438

related to jsessionid 19

set up SSL 330

SSL 330

SSL test 331

temporary version 443
TopLink 394, 404
total number of pages

arg for layout pager 239
transaction 73, 384
transform XML 365
transform XML to HTML 365
transparent 89
tree

browser view of 215

configuring layout tags for 208

Java listing to create 209

navigarion with 206
Trees

and Struts-Layout tags 177
treeview

action and Struts-Layout 208

opening and closing tree 209
TreeviewAction

default method for Struts-Layout 208
tried-and-true 44
type attribute, best practices in tags 119
typesafe enumeration 55

U

unauthorized access 319

action mapping 336
unescaped contents 46
unique key constraint 400
unique token 406
unit test

definition 427

reduce effort 427
universal 321
unordered list 47
unpredictable results 69
unSelect, JavaScript and selected row 205
uploading 90

files with Struts 89

size 93
URI scheme 333
URL

adding JavaScript with html rewrite tags 149

and html rewrite tag 151

and images 112

QueryString with crumbs 223

rewriting with html rewrite tags 148
URL request string using HashMap to pass parameters 150
URL rewriting inside jsessionid 17
URL scheme definition 330
<url-pattern> 326
user friendly 80
user interface 329
utility class 72

V

valid token 407
validate method 298

override 271, 316
validate() 243
validateEmail 250
validating tokens 413
validation 57, 243–245, 249–253, 256, 262, 269, 271, 273, 275, 277, 282–283, 289, 292, 295, 312–316, 393, 396, 406–407, 409

arguments 251

basic 243

bypass 286

client-side 247, 252

cross-form validation 287

custom 252, 255

depends 250

dispatch 271, 273

driver license number 287

duplicate 280

DynaForms 251

error message 289

form 298

form bean 246

alternatives 247

use 247

internationalize 251

lightweight 244

locale 313

localize 313

mask 312

minimum 250

msg 250

object oriented 248

range 312

required 249

reuse 244

rules 282

scenarios 315

server-side 247

services 289

simple 251

simple server-side 243

Struts 244

turn off wizard validation 283

wizard 244, 282

wizard alternatives 286
validation rules 313

find 313

library 292

maintainable 276
validation-rules.xml 243, 247

sample 249
validation.xml 243, 247, 312

purpose 249
Validator 243, 247, 252,277, 282, 287, 297, 313, 316, 358

benefits 251

concatenate constants 279

constants 244, 276

how to use 278

replacements 276

custom 287, 292

formset constants 276

global constants 276

internationalize 312

locale sensitivity 315

logical name 288

multiple constants 279

pluggable 287

configure 288

validation-rules 288

wizard support 282
Validator constants

override 276
ValidatorActionForm 243, 284, 290, 312
ValidatorForm 243, 283, 290, 312

subclass 284
validator-rules.xml

JavaScript 252
validators

basic 312

gotcha 316

plug-in 312
variant not supported 306
Vector 182, 234, 357

of Maps, for selectable rows 202

with Struts-Layout 183
Velocity 366, 372, 377
VeriSign 321
View

and bean resource tag 145

and logic equal tag 136

and MVC (Tiles) 158

beware of sending unfiltered information 115

capturing errors with logic tags 129

include components 122

role of logic in 97
visit()

method 216
Visitor Pattern, in tree navigation 216
visual 80
visual cues 80, 87

W

WAR file

Ant target 10

attaching to email with Ant 12

built w/Ant script 7

changing name with Ant 12

create automatically 7

create manually 6

default application.properties file 25

explained 6

in build.xml 7

location after Ant build 12

manual creation 6

purging during Ant build 10

source files 6

to target location 7

with Ant recipe 6
wart 49
weakness 63
Web Services 365, 423
WEB-INF

adding struts-tiles.tld 159

directory, additions for Struts-Layout 176

tiles-definitions.xml 164

xtags tld file 139
<web-resource-collection/> 326
web.xml 87, 175, 436, 441, 443

altering for modules 21

code listing for modules 22

defining 16

excluding in Ant build 10

listing with ActionForward 14

modified tag 15

modifying for Struts-Layout tags 175

module parameters 23

no direct use of ActionForward 15

registered modules 23

registering multiple struts-config modules 21

resource bundle pointer 25

welcome-file-list 15
width attribute

and layout collectionItem tag 180

and layout tabs tag 226

for layout pagerStatus tag 240

in tab(s) tags 230
Winterfeldt, David 248
wire diagram of tabbed panes 229
Wizard 73

multi-form 293
wizards 57, 78

and crumbs 218

multi-form 73

single-form 73

understand 74
workload 50
wrapper 404

X

Xalan 365, 371
XML 50, 312, 345, 364–365, 368–371, 408, 415–416, 423, 466

and modules 21

changes to struts-config vs code 37

configuration 243

configuration file 413

formatting in bean

write tag 114

message resources and modules 26

message-resource node of struts-config 28

migrating to XML definitions 167

parse 415

strings to JSP 115

Strings with bean write tag 115

struts-config key attribute 30

Tiles and MVC 99

tiles definitions

and MVC 103

differences with JSP 167

rapid development 168

transformation 371

validation best practice 21
XML-based Tiles, best practice 169
XML/XSLT concepts 365
XPath 365
XSL 115, 139–140, 142, 145, 147, 281

and bean resource 145

and bean resource tag 147

and xtags 139

generate HTTP response 365

how to use 370

load stylesheet 369

match attribute 370

namespace 370

stylesheet 368
XSL stylesheets 357
<xsl:apply-templates /> 370
<xsl:template> 370
XSL-FO 365, 371
XSLT 365, 370–371

commands 369

JSP vs Action 371

processor 365

Struts 365

transformation tools 365
xtags 139–140, 145

and bean resource tag 147

and JSTL 139

configuration 140

configuring 139

Z

zip codes 313

DESCRIPTION

This book is for developers and architects with real Struts work to do. It offers a broad collection of practical solutions complete with detailed code listings that will save you time and money. Each recipe clearly defines the problem it solves, gives you the background you need, and discusses the practical implications of adopting the solution. Many recipes point out little-known "gotchas" which will save you from needless grief. This book introduces you to Struts best practices so you can make your applications secure, robust, and maintainable.

Techniques presented in this book have gone through the trial by fire of real-life enterprise development and deployment you can rely on them with confidence.

A Sampling of What's Inside

How to automate your projects using Ant builds
Cross validate your forms with a pluggable validator
Unit test your app for function, performance, and coverage
Make your application secure
How to deal with exceptions
Generate alternate views using PDF and XSL
Refine your UI with Struts-Layout
How to design a layered Struts application
Understand the ins and outs of the Tiles Controller
Use a DB in your message-resource
Integration with Hibernate

ABOUT THE AUTHORS...

George Franciscus is a J2EE consultant and Struts authority. He is a coauthor of Manning's Struts in Action.

Danilo Gurovich is a Manager of Web Engineering at an eCommerce Company. He has designed eCommerce and ERP/EAI Struts applications, and led teams who built them.

Inside the book

Manning Blog

Author Blogs

Author Calendar

Catalog

About...

Index

DESCRIPTION

A Sampling of What's Inside

ABOUT THE AUTHORS...