|
Implementing SAP R/3 Nancy Bancroft with Henning Seip and Andrea Sprengel 1997 | 334 pages ISBN: 013889213X |
|||
| $46.00 | Softbound print book | Out of print (?) | |
Table of Contents
Permissions v
About the Authors xv
Preface to the Second Edition xvii
Preface to the First Edition xix
Who Should Read This Book xxi
Overview of This Book xxiii
Section 1 Approaching the R/3 Solution 1
Introduction 3
What Is SAP? 4
Description of R/3 5
Why Not Choose R/3? What Are the Risks? 5
Risk 1: 1980s Technology 6
Risk 2: Lack of Flexibility 8
Risk 3: Complexity 9
Risk 4: Possible Lack of Fit with Corporate Strategy 10
The Bottom Line 11
1 A Tour of the R/3 System 13
1.1 Key Components of SAP Software 14
1.2 One Database/One System 16
1.3 Client/Server in R/3 Applications 17
1.4 Basis Technology 22
The System Architecture 22
Systems Administration 25
1.5 R/3 System Features 27
The Data Repository 27
Tables 28
Business Workflow 29
Correction and Transport System 30
ABAP/4 Development Workbench 31
1.6 Overview of Modules 31
Financial Accounting 32
Human Resources 33
Manufacturing and Logistics 33
Sales and Distribution 34
2 Basics for Configuring the R/3 System, Training, and the UsersÕ Group 37
2.1 R/3 Basics: The Window 38
2.2 Online Help with Configuring the System 40
The Reference Model 41
The Procedure Model 43
The Implementation Management Guide (IMG) 47
2.3 Training 48
2.4 The UsersÕ Group 51
3 The R/3 Basis Technology 53
3.1 SAP R/3 System in Depth 54
Technical Architecture 54
Objects and the ABAP/4 Repository 55
3.2 System Administration 56
Computer Center Management System (CCMS) 57
Correction and Transport System (CTS) 60
User Maintenance 63
Application Data Archiving 64
Database Administration 65
3.3 ABAP/4 Workbench 66
ABAP/4 Repository 66
Application Hierarchy 68
The Object Browser 68
The Data Modeler 70
ABAP/4 Data Dictionary 71
ABAP/4 Programming Language and Editor 71
The Screen Painter 72
The Menu Painter 72
The Data Browser 73
Program Test Aids 73
4 Configuring SAP R/3 75
4.1 Configuration Concepts 76
4.2 The Client Data Structure 76
4.3 Architecture of SAP Applications 79
4.4 Tables and Data Types 81
Application Data 82
Configuration Data 83
4.5 Configurable Elements 85
Central Functions 85
Organizational Elements 86
Control Elements 90
Data Validation 92
System Control 92
4.6 Configuring an SAP Document 93
4.7 Working with Master Data 100
4.8 Working with Documents 104
4.9 Working with Reports 109
5 Plan for Reengineering 113
5.1 What Is Reengineering? 114
5.2 The Many Faces of Reengineering 115
5.3 Reengineering Process 119
5.4 The Case of HillÕs Pet Nutrition 120
5.5 The Role of Information Technology in Reengineering 122
When to ReengineerÑBefore, during, or after R/3? 123
IS and User Role Changes 126
IS Implementation Process 126
Implementation Skill Becomes a New, Distinct Competency 127
5.6 Reengineering Is Organizational Change 128
6 Implementation Guidelines for R/3 129
6.1 The Case of Battco 130
6.2 Nine Critical Success Factors 133
Understand Your Corporate Culture 134
Begin Process Changes First 134
Communicate 135
Provide Superior Championship 136
Ensure the Project Manager Is Capable 136
Choose a Balanced Team 137
Select a Good Methodology 138
Train Everyone 138
Commit to the Change 138
6.3 Unique Aspects of R/3 Project Management 140
R/3 is not a Silver Bullet 140
R/3 Does Not Support Loose Boundaries 140
Customize, DonÕt Modify 141
Be Sure You Fit within R/3 142
Training Is Only the Beginning 143
Visionary and Detail Focused 144
6.4 Implementation Time Frame 144
6.5 Implementation Approach Choices 145
6.6 Communicate to the User Organization 146
Section 2 Steps in the Process: Where Are the Pitfalls? 149
7 Phase 1: Focus 151
7.1 The Steering Committee 152
7.2 Identify R/3 Modules 154
7.3 The Project Leader 156
7.4 Structure the Project Teams 157
7.5 Integrate the Team Findings and Decisions 159
Integration Mechanisms 159
7.6 Set Objectives 161
7.7 Develop Guiding Principles 162
7.8 Develop a Detailed Project Plan 163
7.9 The Case of Agrium, Inc. 164
8 Phase 2: Create the As Is Picture 167
8.1 Analyze Current Business Processes 168
8.2 The Case of a Systems Integration Company 170
8.3 Map Business Processes into R/3 171
8.4 Identify Data and System Interfaces 172
8.5 Inventory Existing Hardware/Software 173
8.6 Install R/3 174
8.7 Begin Project Team Training 175
9 Phase 3: Create the To Be Design 177
9.1 Develop High-Level Design 178
9.2 The R/3 Hierarchy 179
9.3 Gain User Acceptance 180
9.4 Detailed Design 182
9.5 Scenarios, Scripts, and Tables 182
9.6 Iterative Prototyping Using Tables 184
9.7 User Communications 190
9.8 Gain Final Acceptance 190
9.9 The Case of a Semiconductor Company 191
9.10 The Case of a Products Distribution Company 192
10 Phase 4: Construction and Testing, and Phase 5: Actual Implementation 195
10.1 Develop a Comprehensive Configuration 196
10.2 Populate the Test Instance with Real Data 197
10.3 Build and Test Interface Programs 201
10.4 Write and Test Reports 201
10.5 Test the System 202
10.6 User Testing 203
10.7 The Case of Felix Schoeller, Osnabrueck, Germany 204
10.8 Phase 5: Actual Implementation 205
10.9 After Implementation 206
10.10 Moving into the Future 207
10.11 The Case of Chevron 208
10.12 The Case of Hydro Agri North America (HANA) 209
Section 3 Mitigating the Risk 213
11 Managing Change: The ÒPoliticalÓ Challenges 215
11.1 Why Companies Change 216
11.2 The Case of Monsanto 216
11.3 Key Principles of Change Management 219
Leadership Enrollment 219
Communications 220
Training 221
Organizational Roles and Structure 222
Performance Management 224
Management Practices 225
11.4 Change Management Learnings 225
11.5 Multinational Implementation Challenges 227
The Case of Digital Equipment Corporation 229
The Case of Samsung Heavy Industries 231
12 Team Formation and Development 233
12.1 The Essential Elements of Successful Teams 234
Choose the Right People 234
Provide Excellent Project Management 236
Establish Clear Goals 241
12.2 The Gap between Strategists and Implementers 241
12.3 Setting and Maintaining Expectations 243
12.4 Team Training 244
Section 4 Implications of the ÒNewÓ Technologies 247
13 Changes in User and IT Roles 249
13.1 The Four Challenges 250
Reduced Need for Development Programmers 251
Reliance on Complex Technological Architecture 252
Higher User Involvement 253
User Ownership of Data/System 254
13.2 Meeting the Four Challenges 254
13.3 The Case of NEC Technologies 256
14 Lessons Learned 259
14.1 The Case of Owens Corning 260
14.2 Summary of R/3 Implementation Issues 264
14.3 The Mature Installation 267
The Case of RTL Television 267
RTL and Its Relationship with SAP 270
Appendix A: Data Modeling Concepts 273
Appendix B: Content and Structure of the SAP Data Dictionary 277
Appendix C: The Development of ABAP/4 281
Appendix D: Relational Database Concepts 285
Bibliography 291
Glossary 293
Index 307
DESCRIPTION
SAP's R/3 is a robust integrated enterprise-wide system. Implementing SAP R/3 is a best seller that has significantly aided companies in meeting the challenges of implementing this complex package.Implementing SAP R/3 focuses on the major implementation demands of R/3; issues faced by a project team in a highly complex technical, business and change management situation. It is based on an objective research study of over 30 companies that have implemented R/3. Nearly 100 people were interviewed, including executives, project managers, change management specialists, consultants in the "Big 6," and SAP employees.
To further aid the reader, the second edition has been enhanced by the addition of detailed technical information regarding the R/3 system. Two new chapters have been added: The R/3 System in Depth and Configuring SAP R/3. Understanding the system and knowing how to configure it are the concerns most often expressed by both buyers and potential SAP customers. The chapters are full of graphical examples of the concepts expressed.
In addition, material has been added throughout the book to provide greater understanding of the pitfalls that can arise when companies implement R/3. In particular, a number of international real-life examples have been added to the book in order to provide a global view of enterprise-wide systems and solutions.
Translation rights for Implementing SAP R/3 have been granted for India and Slovenia. If you are interested in learning where to buy this book in a language other than English, please inquire at your local bookseller.